Dry cleaning solvent is a chemical solution used in the dry cleaning process to remove stains and dirt from clothing and other textiles. It is a non-aqueous, volatile, and clear fluid that has a low surface tension, allowing it to penetrate deep into the fibers of the fabric to lift out dirt and stains.
Dry cleaning solvent is typically made from a petroleum-based compound called perchloroethylene (also known as tetrachloroethylene or “perc”) or a hydrocarbon-based compound called petroleum ether. Other solvents may also be used, such as glycol ethers or liquid carbon dioxide.
Dry cleaning solvents are highly effective at removing oil-based stains, such as grease, oil, and makeup, that cannot be removed with water-based cleaning methods. They are also effective at removing odors and refreshing the fabric, leaving it looking and smelling clean and fresh.
However, dry cleaning solvents are also potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. Perc, in particular, has been classified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency as a probable human carcinogen and a toxic air pollutant. As a result, many dry cleaners are transitioning to more eco-friendly and sustainable cleaning methods.